Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra: Volume 34 (Part 8)

Having established these internal and external phenomena, and with the power of intensified attention focused on directly perceiving these phenomena, one contemplates and observes the nature of impermanence through the aspect of modification. Herein, internal phenomena have fifteen types of modifications produced by actions, and there are eight causes and conditions for modification. What are the fifteen types of modifications produced by actions in internal phenomena? First, modification produced by stages of life; second, modification produced by manifest color; third, modification produced by form; fourth, modification produced by flourishing and decline; fifth, modification produced by the completeness or incompleteness of limbs; sixth, modification produced by toil; seventh, modification produced by harm inflicted by others; eighth, modification produced by heat and cold; ninth, modification produced by postures and movements; tenth, modification produced by contact with objects; eleventh, modification produced by defilement.

Explanation: Having established these internal and external phenomena, and to enable direct perception of these phenomena, one strengthens the power of attention directed towards seeing the Dharma, contemplating and observing the impermanence of internal and external phenomena from the perspective of their modification. Among these, internal phenomena have fifteen types of modification and eight causes and conditions for modification. What are the fifteen types of modification in internal phenomena? The first is modification in the body's state during different stages of life; the second is modification appearing in manifest color, such as changes in skin color like black, white, red, yellow, etc.; the third is modification appearing in form, such as height, shortness, fatness, thinness, etc.; the fourth is modification appearing in the flourishing and decline of the body, such as having strength or lacking strength, etc.; the fifth is modification in the body's limbs, such as mutilations like broken arms or legs;

The sixth is modification in labor, such as exhaustion and lack of exhaustion, etc.; the seventh is modification in being harmed by others, such as being bullied, falsely accused, slandered, harmed in reputation, etc.; the eighth is modification in heat and cold, such as fever, chills, etc.; the ninth is modification in dignified postures and movements, such as bodily sluggishness, stooping, hunching, difficulty in movement, etc.; the tenth is modification in the objects of contact, such as changes and alterations in the people, things, or matters one encounters; the eleventh is modification in actions performed with a defiled mind, such as the transformation of wholesome and unwholesome karmas; the twelfth is modification in bodily illness, such as being originally healthy but now suffering from sickness, etc.; the thirteenth is modification in death, the ending of life; the fourteenth is modification after death where the body develops bluish discoloration and swelling; the fifteenth is modification after death where the corpse disappears without a trace, and the ashes vanish without a trace.