Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra: Volume 34 (Part 48)

Original:

Furthermore, he contemplates thus: All conditioned phenomena correspond to their intrinsic characteristics, as well as to the characteristics of impermanence and suffering. Since all these phenomena arise from conditions, they lack autonomy. Because they lack autonomy, none of them constitutes a "self." This is called "entering the aspect of non-self through the aspect of non-autonomy."

Thus, the practitioner, by means of these ten aspects, subsumes them into four aspects. Further, through these four aspects, he comprehends the characteristics of the truth of suffering:

- The aspect of impermanence is subsumed by five aspects:

1. The aspect of alteration,

2. The aspect of destruction,

3. The aspect of separation,

4. The aspect of dharma-nature,

5. The aspect of aggregation.

- The aspect of suffering is subsumed by three aspects:

1. The aspect of bondage,

2. The aspect of undesirability,

3. The aspect of insecurity.

- The aspect of emptiness is subsumed by one aspect:

namely, the aspect of non-attainment.

- The aspect of non-self is subsumed by one aspect:

namely, the aspect of non-autonomy.

Thus, through these ten aspects, practitioners enter into the realization of the four aspects.

Exegesis:

The practitioner further contemplates thus: All conditioned phenomena correspond to their intrinsic characteristics, as well as to the characteristics of impermanence and suffering. Since all these phenomena arise from conditions, they lack autonomy. Because they lack autonomy, none of them constitutes a "self." This is called "entering the aspect of non-self through the aspect of non-autonomy."

Thus, the practitioner, by means of these ten aspects, subsumes them into four aspects. Further, through these four aspects, he comprehends the characteristics of the truth of suffering:

The aspect of impermanence is subsumed by five aspects: first, the aspect of alteration; second, the aspect of destruction; third, the aspect of separation; fourth, the aspect of dharma-nature; fifth, the aspect of aggregation.

The aspect of suffering is subsumed by three aspects: first, the aspect of bondage; second, the aspect of undesirability; third, the aspect of insecurity.

The aspect of emptiness is subsumed by one aspect, which is the aspect of non-attainment.

The aspect of non-self is subsumed by one aspect, which is the aspect of non-autonomy.

Through these ten aspects, practitioners enter into the realization of the four aspects.