Theoretical Research Is Not the Path of Spiritual Practice

In contemporary Buddhism, there exists a prevalent malpractice that emphasizes theoretical knowledge alone, where the more one studies, the better it seems. If one becomes exceedingly erudite, it is considered splendid and a source of pride; if one can write numerous articles or books, it is deemed even more commendable and pride-worthy. However, whether this theoretical knowledge can guide and regulate one's physical, verbal, and mental actions, whether it can transform the mental activities of the seventh consciousness, whether it can purify the mind, reduce ignorance, or bring genuine benefit—all these are disregarded. Instead, it is glorified with the claim that a Bodhisattva need not concern themselves with afflictions, asserting that with correct understanding, afflictions will naturally cease at the appropriate time.

Yet, the reality is not so. Mere theoretical knowledge, mere intellectual understanding, is forever futile against afflictions. The destination after death is determined by the arising of afflictions such as greed, hatred, and delusion, and by the karmic actions created by them. It is not determined by theoretical knowledge or intellectual understanding of the Dharma. Therefore, this issue is of utmost importance. Every Buddhist practitioner should take it seriously and must not treat it lightly.

Theory and intellectual understanding are like recipes for cooking. One may study several cookbooks yet never step into the kitchen to practice, nor even select or combine ingredients. Can the acquired culinary knowledge and understanding solve the problem of hunger? Spending precious time and energy on endless study, then writing books after research, widely recruiting disciples to gain fame and reputation—yet still having to endure hunger—is to possess only an empty facade. It is like a child who studies from elementary school through university, then to graduate studies, a doctoral program, and even postdoctoral research, learning only theoretical knowledge. Those at the university level and beyond might engage in some research and experiments, gaining a degree of practical experience. But what is learned before university is merely knowledge. Such knowledge cannot be directly applied to production processes; it must undergo stages of internship and practical application before it can be transformed into productive power.

Learning the Buddha Dharma must likewise be applied to life within the realm of the five aggregates. This requires continuously upholding precepts and cultivating concentration, diligently investigating in deep meditative absorption, connecting with one’s own five aggregates, and integrating with physical, verbal, and mental actions. Only then can theory be put into practice, enabling earnest personal realization and direct experience, dispelling ignorance, increasing true wisdom, and transforming both body and mind. Such practice alone constitutes genuine accomplishment, brings real benefit, and is the true path.