Rely on the Meaning, Not the Words

Determining whether a person possesses the notion of self or selflessness cannot be simply based on whether they use the word "I" in their speech. This is because even the Buddha used the word "I" when speaking to people or teaching the Dharma—it cannot be avoided, as it would otherwise be impossible to clearly express one's thoughts and ideas. The Buddha also said "I did this or that," yet his mind was free from self. Conversely, some people may not use the word "I" explicitly, yet their words are saturated with self—the flavor of self is very strong.

One must observe and analyze whether the word "I" in their speech or writing functions as an objective nominal concept or conveys a substantial and real sense of self, to the point of involving attachment and clinging, extreme self-protection, or being filled with subjective emotions such as pride, arrogance, or inferiority.

Rely on the meaning, not the words. Only by discerning the true meaning and genuine intent behind each person's language can one judge whether there is self in their heart, and whether the flavor of self is light or heavy. To determine whether a person has severed the view of self, do not rely on the surface meaning of their narrative. What they point out to you may not be genuine. Scrutinize carefully the tone and flavor of their speech; observe whether their actions align with their words or seem forced. This can be feigned, but pretense cannot last forever—there will always come a time when they reveal themselves.