When karma manifests, it is the manas that is acting and controlling everything, giving the mind consciousness no chance to offer any defense—the deed simply happens. But after the matter has passed, who is it that feels remorse?
After the event, the mind consciousness is the first to feel remorse. Because the mind consciousness can observe and analyze one's own bodily, verbal, and mental actions, and knows whether they were right or wrong, it is able to feel remorse. The content of the mind consciousness's remorse can be discerned by the manas at the same time. If the manas accepts the mind consciousness's remorse and itself feels remorse over the preceding bodily, verbal, and mental actions, then the manas will be able to correct its bodily, verbal, and mental actions thereafter. If the manas does not accept the mind consciousness's remorse, then the manas will not feel remorse and will continue as before, without changing its bodily, verbal, and mental actions. The mind consciousness's remorse then fails to serve its proper function, and one will still have to follow the manas's habitual tendencies as before.
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