The Different Functions and Roles of the Manas of Sentient Beings

Answer: The function and operation of the manas is the same in all sentient beings; it is only that the degree of ignorance differs and the degree of enlightenment differs, so when it operates, there is a distinction between good functioning and bad functioning. For example, all knives have the function of cutting, but because knives differ in sharpness, the results of what they carve out differ: what a sharp knife carves out is perfect, neat, and valuable, while what a dull knife carves out is uneven and unusable, or it may destroy things, with no good effect. Because the wisdom of the manas differs, the undertakings it brings about differ; because the afflictions differ, the karmic actions it engages in differ, and thus the retributive results differ. A manas with slight ignorance can be put to good use, while a manas with deep and heavy ignorance is put to evil use, and the outcomes differ greatly. Because the degree of ignorance in the manas differs, and the degree of enlightenment differs, sentient beings in the world are divided into various ranks and grades, with the distinction between ordinary beings and sages, and the eons required for sentient beings to become Buddhas therefore differ.