On the Elimination of Kleshas

Regarding these afflictions, only after attaining the fruit of enlightenment, when the first dhyāna arises and one becomes a third fruit sage, can subtle afflictions be eradicated. First, craving is severed, then hatred is eliminated; the fourth fruit severs self-attachment and conceit. First and second fruit practitioners merely subdue afflictions—coarse afflictions do not manifest, but subtle afflictions may occasionally arise. In the ordinary state prior to severing the view of self, one can only suppress afflictions, sometimes unsuccessfully. Those with meditative concentration at or above the first dhyāna can also suppress and subdue afflictions, but cannot eradicate them. Although the fourth fruit arhat has eradicated afflictions, habitual tendencies may occasionally manifest; sometimes they are uncontrollable, sometimes unnoticed, requiring others to point them out.