Sūtra on the Aggregates, Elements, and Entrances, Part One

（三）原文：痴相为何等。为冥中见冥。如有不解。令从是致堕行相处。行相为何等。为令后复有是为行相。上从是发起。令从是致堕识处。识相为何等。为识物识事是为识相。令从是致堕名字处。名字相为何等。为俱猗。是为名字相。令从是致堕六入处。 

释：What is the appearance of the mark of delusion? It is that, due to the obstinate darkness of the mind, everything seen is dark and unclear. If one does not truly understand the dharmas, one will fall into the sphere of formations. What is the appearance of the mark of formations? It is to bring about subsequent compliance—that is the mark of formations. Thus formations are like a command or instruction, carrying the meaning of dominion, direction, and choice. First an instruction issues forth from the sphere of formations; then, in compliance with the instruction, it descends from the sphere of formations to the place of the six consciousnesses, causing the six consciousnesses to arise in compliance with the command of the formations. What is the appearance of the six consciousnesses? The six consciousnesses exist to recognize objects and discern principles—that is the appearance of the six consciousnesses. From the bodily, verbal, and mental actions of the six consciousnesses, one falls into the name-and-form of the next life. Who falls into the name-and-form of the next life? It is the manas and the ālayavijñāna, and then the name-and-form body of the five aggregates is born. What is the appearance of name-and-form? Name-and-form is that upon which all dharmas depend; without name-and-form, all dharmas would cease to exist. With name-and-form, the six sense bases (ṣaḍāyatana) come into being. 

原文：六入相为何等。为分别根是为六入相。令从是致堕思望处。思望相为何等。为相会更生。是为思望相。令从是致堕痛处。痛相为何等。为更觉是为痛相。令从是致堕爱处。爱相为何等。为发生是为爱相。令从是致堕受处。受相为何等。为受持是为受相。令从是致堕有处。有相为何等。令堕若干处。是为有相。令从是致堕生处。生相为何等。为已有五阴是为生相。令从是致堕老处。 

释：What is the appearance of the six sense bases? Faculties that exist in order to discriminate the six sense objects—that is the appearance of the six sense bases; from the six sense bases one falls into contact. What is the appearance of contact? A dharma born in order to make contact with sense objects is contact; from contact one falls into feeling. What is the appearance of feeling? To give rise to sensation is the mark of feeling; from feeling one falls into craving. What is the appearance of craving? To bring about offerings and provisioning is the mark of craving; from craving one falls into grasping. What is the appearance of grasping? To occupy, hold, and possess is the mark of grasping; from grasping one falls into the existence of the three realms. What is the appearance of existence? To cause the five aggregates (pañcaskandha) to fall into any one place within the three realms is the mark of existence; from existence one falls into birth. What is the appearance of birth? Already having a body of the five aggregates is the mark of birth; from birth one falls into aging. 

原文：老相为何等。为转熟是为老相。令从是致堕死处。死相为何等。为命根尽。是为死相。令从是致堕苦处。苦相为何等。为身急是为苦相。令从是致堕不可处。不可相为何等。为心意急。是为不可相。令干从是致堕悒悒忧。悒悒相为何等。为忧五阴。令从是致堕愁恼处。悲愁相为何等。口出声言。令致悲恼懑。懑为恼恼亦为懑。 

释：What is the appearance of aging? The ripening of the physical body is the mark of aging; from aging one falls into death. What is the appearance of death? The end of the life faculty and the uselessness of the faculties is the mark of death; from death one falls into the place of suffering. What is the appearance of suffering? Bodily duress is the mark of suffering, causing the five aggregates to fall into the disagreeable. What is the appearance of the disagreeable? Hastiness of mind and thought is the mark of the disagreeable, causing the five aggregates to fall into the place of sorrow. What is the appearance of sorrow? Grieving over the five aggregates is the mark of sorrow, causing the five aggregates to fall into the place of lamentation and affliction. What is the appearance of lamentation? Sounds of complaint, sighing, and indignation issue from the mouth, leading to grief, vexation, and resentment. Resentment is vexation, and vexation is also resentment. This series of marks of suffering and decline engendered by death—low spirits, oppressed and anguished emotions, the mood deteriorating ever further.