The Reasons for the Emergence and Popularity of the Six Consciousnesses Theory

The prevailing view in the world is the theory of the six consciousnesses, while some adhere to the consciousness-only theory. A very small number of people hold the seventh-consciousness-only theory, and there are also proponents of the eighth-consciousness-only theory. Different levels of wisdom give rise to different views and arguments, yet the most ultimate view and argument is the eighth-consciousness-only theory, which is what is called the one true Dharma realm.

This is because, in the operation of all dharmas, the eighth consciousness and the seventh consciousness must necessarily be present. Without the functioning of these two consciousnesses, no dharma whatsoever could exist. The operation of consciousness (the sixth consciousness) is instigated by the seventh consciousness and sustained by the eighth consciousness. It is optional, sometimes present and sometimes absent, completely incapable of autonomy. Without the silent support of the two venerable ones—the seventh and eighth consciousnesses—in the background, consciousness could neither stand nor survive. Therefore, behind the operation of consciousness, there is simultaneously the ceaseless, uninterrupted operation of the seventh and eighth consciousnesses, not pausing even for an instant. Consequently, the most fundamental operation of all dharmas is still that of the seventh and eighth consciousnesses. However, it is too profound and subtle; lacking sufficient meditative concentration and wisdom, one cannot observe and practice to perceive it. It is for this reason that the consciousness-only theory and the theory of the six consciousnesses came into being and gained popularity.